Caustic Soda properties
Caustic soda or sodium hydroxide or burning soda (NAOH) is a white solid material with a melting temperature of 1390 ° C and a density of 13.2 g/cm3. Although the melting point of caustic soda is high, the material is highly soluble in water and when it has a light color in solution state.Solving caustic soda in water is an exothermic process. When caustic soda is solved in water, the obtained solution has a high PH and is very slippery. Generally when caustic soda is solved in water, creates more corrosion.
Caustic Soda in solid state
In solid state, caustic soda is white and does not have any smell. This material is provided in the forms of spangle or granule. Its spangle form is called caustic soda and its granule form is called granule soda in the market. Caustic soda can easily absorb moisture from the air, so it must be protected by covers during transportation. Caustic soda has a corrosion effect when contacting the skin; therefore,it should be carefully used to prevent corrosion. In order to maintain the quality of caustic soda, the product is packaged in double-walled packs after production. Caustic soda should be packed in such a way that does not contact air and does not absorb moisture, and thereforedoes not lump.
Caustic soda in liquid state
Caustic soda in liquid state (i.e. liquid soda) is alkaline and extremely corrosive. This material causes serious damages when contacting the skin. As the name shows (burning soda), it can cause chemical burns if contacts the skin or eyes.Even this chemical material may cause blindness whencontacting the eyes. So it is necessary to follow safety points and instructions such as using masks, gloves, appropriate clothing, etc. when working with caustic soda or liquid soda. Indeed, one of the most widely used chemical materials in the manufacturing industry is caustic soda. The solubility of caustic soda in 100 ml of water at 2 ° C is 111 g, and its solubility in organic solvents such as ethanol, methanol, and glycerin is relatively equal. Caustic soda is produced from petrochemical liquidsoda, so that after condensationof 50% liquid soda, solid sodais obtained in the form of uniform and white soda with a purity of 98%. Liquid soda or sodium hydroxide has previously been produced using the soda-lime process in which calcium hydroxidereacted with sodium carbonate to produce burning soda. But today, the chlorine-alkaline/ alkalinechlorine method is used to produce sodium hydroxide. In this method, the electrolysis of brine solution is usedin different reactors.
